Complete Cryptocurrency & Blockchain Knowledge Hub
Explore our full library of “What Is…” guides, from Bitcoin and Solana to hundreds of emerging tokens and blockchain concepts. Learn with fact-checked, beginner-friendly, and expert-level explanations.
What is Bridge Relay?
Learn the definition of Bridge Relay in crypto, how cross-chain relayers move assets and messages between blockchains, the security models, benefits, risks, industry impact, and future developments with authoritative sources and practical examples.
What is Cross-chain Bridge?
Learn how cross-chain bridges move assets and messages across blockchains, why they matter for DeFi and Web3, how they work under different security models, the major risks, and where the technology is headed.
What is Validity Proof?
A comprehensive guide to validity proofs in blockchain: how zk-SNARKs and zk-STARKs work, why they power L2 rollups, differences vs fraud proofs, benefits, risks, and future trends like EIP-4844.
What is Danksharding?
Danksharding is Ethereum’s long-term data scaling design that builds on EIP-4844 proto-danksharding and ‘blob’ space to make rollups cheaper, faster, and more secure, enabling broader Web3, DeFi, and blockchain adoption without sacrificing decentralization.
What is Volition?
Learn how Volition blends on-chain and off-chain data availability to balance security, cost, and throughput in Web3. Explore how it compares to zk-rollups and Validium, where it’s used, benefits, risks, and what it means for DeFi, NFTs, and exchange design.
What is Layer 2 Blockchain?
Learn how Layer 2 blockchain scaling works: off-chain execution, rollups, proofs, bridges, data availability, benefits, risks, and future upgrades like EIP‑4844. Authoritative guide with sources and links for DeFi and Web3 use cases.
What is Checkpoint?
Learn how blockchain checkpoints work across Ethereum, Bitcoin, Polygon, and rollups. Understand finality, validator attestations, weak subjectivity, bridging, and light client sync. Covers benefits, risks, and why checkpoints matter for DeFi, trading, and cross-chain security.
What is Attestation?
A comprehensive, fact-checked guide to attestations in crypto and Web3: how they work, why they matter for blockchains and DeFi, real use cases, benefits, risks, and future trends—complete with sources and practical examples.
What is Slashing?
A definitive, fact-checked guide to slashing in Proof-of-Stake blockchains—how penalties work, why they secure networks, what validators risk, and how to avoid slashing with best practices and tooling.
What is Leader Election?
A comprehensive, fact-checked guide to leader election in blockchain consensus: how proposers are chosen, why it matters for security, liveness, and performance, and how systems like Bitcoin, Ethereum, Solana, Cardano, Polkadot, and Cosmos differ.
What is PBFT (Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance)?
A comprehensive guide to the PBFT consensus design: how it works, security and performance trade-offs, real-world uses, and its impact on blockchain, DeFi, and Web3.
What is Proof of Work?
Explore the definitive guide to Proof of Work: how it secures blockchains, how mining functions, benefits, limitations, industry impact, and future trends. Includes verified sources, key concepts, and practical insights for traders and investors.
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